ASU ARS102 RENAISSANCE
TO MODERNISM EXAM 2
PRACTICE GUIDE
COMPLETE 113 QUESTIONS
Question 1: Which con�ict most directly shaped the atmosphere of religious and political tension in seventeenth-century Europe?
Choices:
1) Hundred Years' War 2) Thirty Years' War 3) War of the Roses 4) Crimean War
Correct Answer: Thirty Years' War
Explanation: The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) devastated large parts of Europe and intensi�ed Catholic-Protestant and dynastic con�icts that form an important backdrop to Baroque art.Page 1
Question 2: What major political principle was reinforced by the Peace of
Westphalia in 1648?
Choices:
1) Papal supremacy over monarchs 2) National sovereignty 3) Universal monarchy under Spain 4) Abolition of hereditary rule
Correct Answer: National sovereignty
Explanation: The Peace of Westphalia helped establish the principle that states exercised sovereignty over their own territories and populations.Question 3: In seventeenth-century political history, absolutism refers to which idea?
Choices:
1) Power is divided equally among social estates 2) A monarch claims highly centralized sovereign authority 3) Cities govern themselves without rulers 4) Religious institutions elect the king
Correct Answer: A monarch claims highly centralized sovereign authority
Explanation: Absolutism describes the concentration of political authority in a ruler who claimed broad or absolute governing power.Page 2
Question 4: Which English thinker argued that government derives legitimate
authority from the consent of the governed?
Choices:
1) Thomas Hobbes 2) John Locke 3) Isaac Newton 4) Francis Bacon
Correct Answer: John Locke
Explanation: John Locke argued that political authority rests on the consent of the governed and that government exists to protect natural rights.
Question 5: Which political philosopher defended strong sovereign authority as
necessary to prevent social chaos?
Choices:
1) John Locke 2) Thomas Hobbes 3) René Descartes 4) Galileo Galilei
Correct Answer: Thomas Hobbes
Explanation: Thomas Hobbes argued that peace and order require a powerful sovereign capable of restraining destructive con�ict.Page 3