CITI TRAINING HUMAN
SUBJECTS RESEARCH
PRACTICE EXAM 52
QUESTIONS
Question 1: Which Belmont Report principle is most directly re�ected by giving prospective participants enough information and a voluntary choice about joining a study?
Choices:
1) Respect for persons 2) Bene�cence 3) Justice 4) Scienti�c validity
Correct Answer: Respect for persons
Explanation: Respect for persons recognizes individual autonomy and supports a meaningful voluntary informed-consent process, while providing added protection for people with diminished autonomy.Page 1
Question 2: A research team redesigns a protocol to reduce unnecessary
procedures while preserving the scienti�c aims. Which Belmont principle is most directly being applied?
Choices:
1) Justice 2) Respect for persons 3) Bene�cence 4) Privacy
Correct Answer: Bene�cence
Explanation: Bene�cence requires researchers to minimize possible harms and maximize possible bene�ts. Removing unnecessary procedures is a direct risk-minimization step.Question 3: Investigators recruit only residents of a low-income neighborhood for a burdensome study even though the research question applies equally to the entire city. Which Belmont principle is the main concern?
Choices:
1) Justice 2) Fidelity 3) Respect for law 4) Nonmale�cence only
Correct Answer: Justice
Explanation: Justice concerns the fair distribution of the burdens and bene�ts of research.Selecting a disadvantaged group merely for convenience can be inequitable.Page 2
Question 4: Which historical development most directly established the three ethical principles of respect for persons, bene�cence, and justice for U.S. human-subjects research?
Choices:
1) The Declaration of Helsinki 2) The Belmont Report 3) The HIPAA Privacy Rule 4) The Food Drug and Cosmetic Act
Correct Answer: The Belmont Report
Explanation: The Belmont Report articulates respect for persons, bene�cence, and justice as the central ethical principles for research involving human subjects.Question 5: A study o�ers a very large payment to economically distressed adults for a painful procedure. What is the primary ethical concern?
Choices:
1) The payment automatically makes the study exempt 2) The o�er may create undue in�uence on the decision to participate 3) Any payment to research subjects is prohibited 4) Payment removes the need for informed consent Correct Answer: The o�er may create undue in�uence on the decision to participate Explanation: Payment is not automatically prohibited, but an excessive o�er can distort voluntary decision-making and create undue in�uence, especially for �nancially vulnerable prospective subjects.Page 3